WOBURN, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Kaspersky Lab researchers have discovered multiple security vulnerabilities in popular smart cameras that are frequently used as baby monitors or for internal home and office security surveillance. According to the research, the uncovered flaws could allow attackers to obtain remote access to video and audio feeds from the cameras, remotely disable these devices, execute arbitrary malicious code on them and do many other things.
Modern smart cameras contain an advanced number of functions, providing users with various opportunities: people can use them as advanced baby monitors or for surveillance systems which spot intruders while no one is home or in the office. But, are these cameras secure enough by design and what if such a smart camera started watching you, instead of watching your home?
Previous analysis conducted by many other security researchers has shown that smart cameras in general tend to contain security vulnerabilities at different levels of severity. However, in their latest research, Kaspersky Lab experts uncovered something extraordinary: not just one, but a whole range of smart cameras was found to be vulnerable to a number of severe remote attacks. This was due to an insecurely designed cloud-backbone system that was initially created to enable the owners of these cameras to remotely access video from their devices.
By exploiting these vulnerabilities, malicious users could execute the following attacks:
- Access video and audio feeds from any camera connected to the vulnerable cloud service;
- Remotely gain root access to a camera and use it as an entry-point for further attacks on other devices on both local and external networks;
- Remotely upload and execute arbitrary malicious code on the cameras;
- Steal personal information such as users’ social network accounts and information which is used to send users notifications;
- Remotely “brick” vulnerable cameras.
Following the discovery, Kaspersky Lab researchers contacted and reported the vulnerabilities to Hanwha Techwin, the manufacturer of the affected cameras. At the time of publication, some vulnerabilities had already been fixed, and the remaining vulnerabilities are set to be completely fixed soon, according to the manufacturer.
All these attacks were possible because experts found that the way the cameras interacted with the cloud service was insecure and open to relatively easy interference. They also found that the architecture of the cloud service itself was vulnerable to external interference.
It is important to note that such attacks were only possible if attackers knew the serial number of the camera. However, the way in which serial numbers are generated is relatively easy to find out through simple brute-force attacks: the camera registering system didn’t have brute force protection.
While doing their research, Kaspersky Lab experts were able to identify almost 2,000 vulnerable cameras working online, but these were only the cameras that had their own IP address, directly available through the internet. The real number of vulnerable devices placed behind routers and firewalls could actually be several times higher.
In addition, researchers found an undocumented functionality, which could be used by the manufacturer for final production test purposes. However, at the same time criminals could use this hidden avenue to send wrong signals to any camera or change a command already sent to it. Besides that, the feature itself was found to be vulnerable. It could be further exploited with a buffer overflow, potentially leading to the camera’s shutdown. The vendor has now fixed the issue and removed this feature.
“The problem with current IoT device security is that both customers and vendors mistakenly think that if you place the device inside your network, and separate it from the wider internet with the help of a router, you will solve most security problems - or at least significantly decrease the severity of existing issues,” said Vladimir Dashchenko, head of vulnerabilities research group, Kaspersky Lab ICS CERT. “In many cases this is correct: before exploiting security issues in devices inside of a targeted network, one would need to gain access to the router. However, our research shows that this may not actually be the case at all: given that the cameras we investigated were only able to talk with the external world via a cloud service, which was totally vulnerable.”
Dashchenko added: “The interesting thing is that besides the previously described attack vectors such as malware infections and botnets, we found that the cameras could also be used for mining. While mining is becoming one of the main security threats facing businesses, IoT mining is an emerging trend due to the growing prevalence of IoT devices and will continue to increase.”
Hanwha Techwin Statement
The security of our customers is the highest priority for us. We have already fixed the camera’s vulnerabilities, including the Remote Upload and Execution of arbitrary malicious code. We have released updated firmware available to all our users. Some vulnerabilities related to the cloud have been recognized and will be fixed soon.
In order to stay protected, Kaspersky Lab strongly advises users to do the following:
- Always change the default password. Use a complex password and do not forget to update it regularly.
- Pay close attention to security issues of connected devices before purchasing yet another smart device for homes or offices. Information on discovered and patched vulnerabilities is usually available online and is often easy to find.
Kaspersky Lab encourages manufacturers to enhance their cybersecurity and emphasizes the importance of ensuring the proper understanding and assessment of threat risks, as well as the development of a secure-by-design environment. Our company actively collaborates with vendors and reports all discovered vulnerabilities.
More information on this research is available on Securelist.com.
About Kaspersky Lab
Kaspersky Lab is a global cybersecurity
company, which has been operating in the market for over 20 years.
Kaspersky Lab’s deep threat intelligence and security expertise is
constantly transforming into next generation security solutions and
services to protect businesses, critical infrastructure, governments and
consumers around the globe. The company’s comprehensive security
portfolio includes leading endpoint protection and a number of
specialized security solutions and services to fight sophisticated and
evolving digital threats. Over 400 million users are protected by
Kaspersky Lab technologies and we help 270,000 corporate clients protect
what matters most to them. Learn more at www.kaspersky.com.
About Kaspersky Lab ICS CERT
Kaspersky Lab Industrial
Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team (Kaspersky Lab ICS CERT)
is a global project launched by Kaspersky Lab in 2016 to coordinate the
efforts of automation system vendors, industrial facility owners and
operators, and IT security researchers to protect industrial enterprises
from cyberattacks. Kaspersky Lab ICS CERT devotes its efforts primarily
to identifying potential and existing threats that target industrial
automation systems and the Industrial Internet of Things. During its
first year of operation, the team identified over 110 critical
vulnerabilities in products by major global ICS vendors. Kaspersky Lab
ICS CERT is an active member and partner of leading international
organizations that develop recommendations on protecting industrial
enterprises from cyberthreats. ics-cert.kaspersky.com
About Hanwha Techwin
As a part of Hanwha Group, Hanwha
Techwin offers reliable video surveillance solution to meet the current
and future needs of security professionals. Based on optical and image
processing technologies accumulated over 30 years, we have solidified
our leadership position in the field of security solutions by developing
and manufacturing cutting-edge security systems. Hanwha Techwin has been
continuously strengthening its development and marketing investments in
the security business, and has been making a global partnership with
various companies for future growth. www.hanwha-security.com
